Photovoltaics (PV) convert solar radiation into DC electricity through semiconductors that exhibit a photovoltaic effect. There have been considerable advancements in the technology that have led to cost reduction in solar cells and photovoltaic arrays in recent years in addition to financial incentives in the form of tax deduction that is offered by various countries and states. Many cities in the US and Europe are committed to achieving 100% renewable energy. As of now, there have been three generations of solar cell materials, which includes monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, cadmium telluride, and copper indium gallium selenide/sulfide.

HCPV, or High Concentrated Photovoltaics are third generation solar cells based on Gallium Arsenide that utilize almost the entire solar spectrum, potentially reaching 68% conversion in theory. As of now, HCPV can achieve a 42% conversion rate, much more efficient than Single Crystal Silicon and Silicon Thin Film, which only convert at 25% and 15% efficiency, respectively.



HCPV is a mature technology that has been improved over twenty years. As of now, HCPV uses Fresnel Lenses to focus sunlight into the PV module and is also mounted on a dual-axis sun tracker that will tilt the HCPV towards the sun, prolonging the hours of PV functionality.

In contrast to normal PVs, HCPV is easier to maintain. If a cell is damaged, it can be individually replaced without removing the entire panel. Furthermore, the HCPV does not contain glass or brittle panels and does not require water to operate.